RFID readers – how to choose?

RFID readers – which one to choose?

Choosing the right RFID reader for your solution is crucial. It is, in a way, the “brain” for the entire system. RFID readers have their own unique features. Therefore, they should be considered before implementing the solution and three basic factors should be analyzed:

Factors to consider before choosing an RFID reader:

Antenna ports

The number of readpoints required depends on the application. However, the possibility of extending them and/or adding more depends on the number of RFID antennas. The number of antennas that can be deployed is directly related to the number of antennas supported by the reader. Therefore, the number of antenna ports available on the reader must be considered during the selection process. Readers are usually available in 2-port, 4-port or 8-port versions. Some readers have the ability to use multiplexers to expand and support up to 32 RFID antennas.

Communication method

If the application does not require the reader to be placed on the network, it can be connected directly to the host computer via an RS-232 cable, Ethernet cable or USB cable. If the application requires the reader to be on a network, Ethernet or WiFi can be used. Using the RFID system in a network helps to reduce the price if we create configurations with many readers, because then we do not need a host computer for each reader.

Operating region

Countries or communities of countries have their own regulations governing UHF RFID transmissions, and when implementing an RFID system, it is necessary to select an RFID reader that will operate within the limits of the country’s regulations. If the reader is configured to transmit in the 902-928 MHz band in a country that has standardized the 865-868 MHz band for RFID use, this will be against local frequency regulations. In Europe, the applicable band is 865-868 MHz.

RFID readers with built-in RFID antenna

RFID readers are usually equipped with antenna ports. Antennas are connected to the antenna ports via cables. This solution is characterized by high flexibility, especially when using many antennas simultaneously. The antennas can be moved and tuned depending on the application.

Versions of RFID readers with built-in antenna are also available. Such devices allow you to save space and build a more mobile system without worrying about wiring. They are ideal for retail solutions as they are usually small, easy to use and more visually appealing than two bulky external devices. Readers with a built-in RFID antenna are also mobile terminals, because there is a reader and antenna in one device. Often in difficult working environments, e.g. in paint shops, readers with an RFID antenna are used in one device.

Power supply for RFID readers

The power supply method is one of the first things to pay attention to when buying an RFID reader. In some industrial and logistics applications, power points are limited or unavailable, which significantly narrows down the options. There are four power sources for the RFID reader:

AC adapter

The most common way to power an RFID reader is to plug it into an electrical outlet using the power adapter. Before using this source, make sure that the socket is close to where the reader is installed.

PoE (Power over Ethernet)

A popular way to power the RFID reader. PoE uses an Ethernet cable to both power the reader and send and receive data. The advantage of using PoE (compared to a power supply) is the elimination of the power supply infrastructure and greater possibilities of installing the reader in hard-to-reach places.

Battery

Typical power supply for handheld readers. Batteries provide adequate power while allowing cordless and portable operation.

Car power

There are RFID solutions mounted in vehicles (e.g. forklift, truck) that take into account the use of power already existing in these vehicles.

RFID readers – basic options and functions

Every year, a series of new models of RFID readers is launched on the market. Therefore, knowing the advantages and disadvantages of each, as well as any additional features that may affect the RFID solution, is very important. Before delving into the features available in RFID readers, you should first understand the two main categories of readers:

Fixed RFID readers permanently installed at the target location operate continuously. They allow you to control and monitor the movement of goods, e.g. tracking deliveries, exits or product movements. These are generally high performance devices with two, four or eight antenna ports. They provide high power and are often designed to work in harsh outdoor conditions.
Hand-held RFID readers, which can be classified in two groups:
o mobile terminals with an integrated RFID antenna – they do not have any additional antenna ports,
o mobile readers, which gain RFID functionality only after extending them with an additional scanning holder. Communication between the holder and the reader takes place via Bluetooth/NFC or a special connector.

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